UNIT 1 state statute manifestation statistic stationary statement understatement overstate statesman estate devastate devastating workstation status assert affirm public publication republican publicity publicize publicly . in public mass civil law claw lawful lawsuit flaw lawyer legislation mean meaning well-meaning meaningless meaningfully means meanwhile by means of by no means indicate implication influential . impact live alive deliver delivery outlive liveliness livelihood Live off dwell reside survive survival inhabit settle federal federation FBI CIA large largely enlarge . at large bulky outsize huge mark market market marketplace marked marketer remark remarkable landmark blot spot stain symbol system systematic systematically regime organization . structure stress Stressed-out highlight emphasize strain UNIT 2
peer gaze at stare at glare at contemporary issue tissue claim proclaim disclaim acclaim lay claim to allege contend assert patent . intellectual property court courteous line headline underline decline online offline coastline deadline incline baseline airline outline lineage pipeline guideline in line with series row boundary . bound route succession procession value overvalue devalued worth significance view interview viewer review reviewer worldview In view of In view On view take sth. in view=take sth. into account perspective individual . individually collective economic economically socioeconomic fiscal cliff IMF financial monetary create creature creative recreate creativity creation creationism creationist procreation legal illegal lawful legitimate . official consider consideration considerable considering consider..as UNIT 3
subject subjective be subject to lead leadership mislead leader plead side with plead for leading lead someone on lead up to take the lead intend . intend to do/intend doing sth. sector accountant Account for take into account leave sth. out of account on account of description explanation consumer consumption consuming consumerism client environment environmental environmentally environmentalist surroundings atmosphere situation . essay article matter as a matter of fact substance stuff material fund fundamental fundamentally fundamentalist underfund hold household holder withhold shareholder shareholding stockholder stakeholder hold back hold on . hold out hold up cling withstand seize function functional work employ evidence evident proof confirmation practice In practice note denote noteworthy take/make notes UNIT 4
degree agreement Greek . concern concerned unconcerned concern oneself with as/so far as..be concerned allow shallow allow for product production productive productivity invention level low-level level off on the level do one's level best effort effortless infer . inferiority inferior inference deduce conclude professional professionalize professionalize professionalization professionalism provide provided provider provision supply offer challenge unchallenged UNIT 5
deal ideal dealing . dealership deal with a great deal of contract structure restructuring structural infrastructure define content contention discontent self-contented immigrant immigration emigrate comprehension comprehensive beyond one's comprehension potential possible probable . mass massive massacre biomass rally compare comparable comparison comparative comparatively compare with compare to contrast feature involve involvement revolve evolve invalid engage occupy segment . section fraction access accessible access road cover coverage recovery discover cloak reveal uncover unveil display disclose analysis anatomy probe UNIT 6
identify identity identify with recognize . title entitle entitlement subtitle doubt doubter undoubtedly doubtful in doubt in no doubt physical physics geophysical physician astrophysicist UNIT 7
material bodily introductory launch initiate figure . figure out conduct semiconductor conductive conductor behavior steer tell teller intellect intellectualism intelligent intelligently intelligence satellite inform notify lack blackened slack slacken available . be available to obtainable accessible emerge emergence emergency emerge from surface originate appear express press expression impress impressive unimpressive depress depression depressant compress pressing oppress . suppress press for state convey consequence in consequence outcome contribute contributing contribution contribute to lead to give rise to executive current curve sort resort sort sth.out assort classify secure . safeguard shield threat menace material materialism materialistic observe observer abide survey establish establishment well-established establish oneself in launch wonder wonderful no wonder approach access to come up to . get close to grant immigrant take..for grand position positive posture composition opposition proposition disposition locate site brain brainstorm brain-drain term determine determinedly terminate terminal terminally . in terms of clause increasingly increased labor laboratory elaborate laborsaving collaborate collaboratively workforce mobile detail career quit resign renounce depart essential necessary vital indispensable . core head headache go-ahead headline headway headlong headhunter head for chief talent respect respected respectable respectively irrespectively with respect to in respect of esteem maintain retain uphold . sustain primary primarily prime principal central UNIT 8
relate interrelated correlate be correlated with related to bond commune directly directory directive indirectly straight frankly otherwise likewise . reflect reflection unreflecting reflect on despite in spite of discipline land mainland landing element elevate indicate expose pose purpose propose impose compose oppose suppose supposedly . be exposed to be composed of as opposed to be supposed to religion religious suffer suffering suffer sth./suffer from sth. epidemic addict payment hijack scale circumstance under the circumstance=in the circumstance threaten prospect UNIT 9
reject rejection . decline refuse discard occur occurrence incur happen arise meet assemble congregate personal interpersonal personality impersonal individual private indeed certainly definitely manage manager . manageable management administer regulate control recognize unrecognized recognition object objection objective objectivity objectiveness object to sth./doing sth. trust distrust mistrusted trust found put trust in sb./sth. critical critically hypocritical . criticize be criticize of immediate immediately instant let outlet let out let alone advocated instance instantly instantaneously for instance preserve maintain UNIT 10
concept conception preconception conceive notion enhance . enhanced chancellor enhancement boost heighten reference parallel unparalleled parachute succeed be succeeded by conscious consciousness unconscious subconscious be conscious of be aware of deliberate spontaneous conservative conservation conserve energy . progressive global crisis critic criticism muscular presence present represent in the presence of gene genetic genealogist generate code encode moral code retail retailer entail upset upsetting . disturbance partner spouse version diversion UNIT 11
govern government governance govern-funded Self-governing be governed by administrate conduct interpretation misinterpret define specify prove improve proverb show confirm . return returning overturn In return for industrial industry industrialized industrialization measure oppose opponent be opposed to repel deny counter imagine image imaging imaginary unimaginable imaginative dream . picture drop drop by drop out engage engagement engage in engage with property asset sophisticated ensure assure favor favorite favorable unfavorable in favor of novel novelty requirement require UNIT 12
. dominate dominant domestic predominance predominantly assert unemployment employ employer employee employment unemployment rate demonstrate respond responsible responsibility corresponding correspondent in respond to in response to afford unaffordable . afford to complex complexity perplexing intricate intricate recruit priority hence neglect negative negotiate be neglectful of owe owing to revenue taxation vote devoted election campaign ballot misery . be sorrowful of grief routine routinely circular bus route inevitable unavoidable solve resolve solution commerce commercialized commercial e-commerce circuit integrate integration integrated disintegrate integrate with disorder distort .
UNIT 13
highly extremely exceedingly notice at/on short notice take notice of advertisement detect obtain obtainable gain derive characterize be characterized by portray depict decline on the decline descend decrease former . form formal formula perform performer performance performative formation reformatory informed informative informally conform conformity nonconformist transformation formulate formulation informativeness uninformed misinformation uniformity . formidable previous vast vastly devastating effective effect effectiveness effectively ineffectual ineffective efficient justify testify verify confirm affirm lie underlie underlying lie in lie with sb. . puzzle puzzlement puzzled confuse satisfy satisfied dissatisfied dissatisfaction be satisfied with be dissatisfied with fulfill stock stock price stock market laughing stock debate controversy dispute equal equally equate equality . equivalent frequent repeatedly universal universe universally university universalize overall deprive emotion emotional sentiment temper mood disposition modify mode modification revise amend recast . net network intranet Internet-based philosopher philosophy philosophical poetry poet remains remain remaining balance well-balanced counterbalance level off break even steady stabilize UNIT 14
elite elitism gradual . entrepreneur colony colonial comply complicate complicated contest in contact with historian inherit inherent privilege privileged purchase random description describe definition picture admit admission adopt . adoptive crucial essential key significant decisive overriding quote cite restore restoration revive recover resume enable empower permit endeavor strive for essay external internal . agenda flexible schedule schedule cell clue context exert impose sth. on option optional opportunity exception permanent durable trait attribute feature peculiarity cater cater for cater to capable UNIT 15
. dependent independent reliant extreme extremely ultimate utmost radical imply simply indicate infer exhibit exhibition expose to array eventually prevent finally ultimately label tag . brand designate psychology typical typically sample various vary varied variety varying variable variation familiar unfamiliar be familiar with be proficient in be adept at intimate shift downshift transfer . alter transform nevertheless though radical radically sufficient adequate affluent abundant ample extent extension extend extended extensive to some extent guaranteed pledge convention conventional unconventional . expectation expect unexpected expectancy meet the expectation dim acceptance clothe clothes lure marine norm numerous numerical orchestra privacy illusion illustrate pursue pursuit insist insistence . consist in/of persist persevere uphold previous previously primary primitive prior release publish deliver announce remind reminder remind sb. of temporary chronic whereas elsewhere wise otherwise . likewise wisely prudent acknowledge knowledge knowledgeable announce announcement declare claim proclaim combine combat combine with integrate merge enormous UNIT 16
host ghost hostile hostility hostage . military military intelligence armed native alternative alternatively procedure working procedure starting procedure loading procedure recommend recommendation commend master masterpiece mastery be proficient in be adept at be good at pour outpouring . pour into strengthen strength bury strength bury bury one's head in the sand celebrate celebrity crop crown disaster catastrophe orient oriented prevail reign quest request question unquestioned rear . rearing reap specialize specialize in vulnerable fragile brittle ambiguous unambiguous obscure opaque vague peak paramount summit climax pension suspension grant subsidy allowance rage . outrage in a rage fury recipient eliminate elimination remote distant faraway farther immune immune...to implement implement implementation trial dose UNIT 17
expense expansion cost outlay expenditure . desire advisable practically practicality practical experience realistic intention intentionally purpose intent reasonable reason reasonably reasoned logical democratic democracy democratize distribute distribution distribution channel promising . prominent compromise verbal nonverbal compete competitive competent competently incompetently compete against /with rival distinguish distinguished proportion appropriate inappropriate necessity necessary supply supplier supplement emphasis . emphasize stress highlight intense intensive UNIT 18
possess assess possession assessment bear occupy occupation preoccupation be occupied with capture odd odds at odds with peculiar strategy strategic . tactic approach scheme plot conspiracy exclusive inclusive confirm firm infirm confirm sb. in affirm assert certify testify corporation corporate incorporate incorporate with enterprise dramatize dramatically . exaggerated aggravate boast magnify endure endurance feeble feedback flourish alien attendance attendant myth mystery overlap overseas overwhelm perceive pilgrim prestige index hitherto . impulse indulge inquiry inquiry lean resident resistant resistance revolutionary latter late later isolate final mankind humankind creature being species span Hispanic Spanish . supervise superstition UNIT 19
win wine windscreen wind swing windfall artificial artistic artificial intelligence false auditor bias biased prejudice crime criminal discrimination curiosity be curious about/to . dispute disputable encounter counterpart profound profoundly prosperity prosperous render surrender give up yield enlighten unenlightened acquaint apprise explosion blast bursting fade dissolve sink . vanish foundation lengthy at length stretch panel panel discussion poverty poor poorly reluctant reluctantly be reluctant to do sth. transaction accompany company accuracy inaccuracy auto autonomous cease halt . suspend pause UNIT 20
contend manipulate manipulation ake charge of=be in charge of council the State Council enthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiastically inflate deflation likewise moreover furthermore outcome income speculate diffuse . explicit explicit definite fragment fragmented a fraction of hook horizon lobby lobbying merit demerit penalty punishment sweep trivial triviality item be an item disgrace UNIT 21
subtle subsequent . bound rebound boundary abound be bound to be bound up with bother bother to do pessimistic prey rent coherent organize disorganized mobilize arrange perpetual harm harmful harmonious harsh pharmaceutical . hurt damage electronic electronics electronically rare rarely uncommon exceptional treat retreat undertreatment deal handle vanish diminish disappear divide dividend divided separate split . mere merely sheer simple invest investor investment investigation manufacture manufacturing manufacturer prompt provoke prompting spur table comfortable charitable acceptable disputable profitable stable . unacceptable suitable regrettable respectable weigh weight outweigh boom baby boom entitle title entitlement subtitle be entitled to nominate denominate institute institution institutional restrict restriction restrain sb. from doing sth. . refrain from doing sth. constrain curb prohibit forbid partial conclusion conclusive inconclusive conclude concluding exclude in conclusion decorate ornament discard get rid of cast off desert abandon UNIT 22
discourage . courage courageous encourage devil elderly bulk bulb bypass calorie facilitate faint fashionable gratitude engineering alliance backward bait banquet constitute copyright costly damn . deputy UNIT 23
bin bind bruise census clarity charter moan mock obsession passion prevalent hedge hypothesis infant intrude knit kit repertoire senate handle get rid of . dispose of cope with manage address monopoly possession control strive stripe strive for UNIT 24
adapt adaptiveness readmit contempt contemptible dense densely exhaust forecast mutual mutually mutual benefit . nowhere preferable preference reinforce enforce renew sympathy show sympathy for in sympathy with excel excess excessive excellent excellence excel in/at forth set forth back-and-forth and so forth frightening frustrate be frustrated . by/with grain inferior inferiority initiate initial instrument instrumentalist mathematics mission miss commission emissions-free admission submission commissioner UNIT 25
poisonous poisoning toxic primitive archaic original . humble printing blueprint print printout printer in print rush gold rush rush through hustle switch switch on switch off temper temperament tone milestone flagstone color ultimate ultimately . eventually terminal violent turbulent fierce wing party side worthy noteworthy worth doing sth. deserve sth. worthy of alcohol analogy analogous resemblance similarity anticipate anticipation anticipate sb. doing sth. column . commodity goods merchandise confer conference confer sth.on sb. confer with counsel counseling attorney cultivate cultivation foster grow activate deem dentist deteriorate undermine embrace hug evaluation . evaluate glimpse catch/get a glimpse of UNIT 26
plausible literally observation outlook prospect physician surgeon retreat retreat from draw back yield to withdraw slip pink slip glide evade stable substitute . substitute ..for.. tide via adolescent anonymous authentic chop disposable chopsticks bang bash compel compelling oblige expel impel be compelled to concession concede sth. to sb. make a concession/some concessions to crack cracked . get cracking gape collapse float fond fondness be fond of ideology doctrine philosophy imitation imitate simulation miserable deplorable parcel part and parcel perplex perplexed bewilder puzzle confuse . preach interprovincial admonish symbol sign synthetic articulately aspire aspire to betray cement displacement replacement pronouncement comfort discomfort scatter scattered disperse distribute deduce deductible . dumb eligible fossil UNIT 27
logical psychological technological geological biological pathological astrological theological ecological chronological definite definitely definition indefinite indefinitely distinct specific qualify be qualified for . modify bunch a bunch of prolong virtue virtual virtually virtuosity morality merit commitment community commit oneself to be committed to faulty fault at fault flaw lapse defect drawback shortcoming . craftsman credential rational operational licence sanction consent certify approve occasionally participate participation participatory participate in reduction reduce defend defender defendant precise precision accurate . remark remarkable parliament parliamentary the House of Lords(of Britain)/the Upper House the Lower House/the lower Chamber congress committee commit casually accidentally infrequently randomly substance substantial substantially substantiate essence accelerate accelerating . accelerated escalated distract undistracted extract extravagant entertainment entertainer entertaining fatal be doomed to =be bound to=be destined to predict prophet cast forecaster foremost glow glowing radiate beam glitter . incident incidence incidental episode plain plateau ordinary quantity quantitative UNIT 28
readily reader stimulate stimulation arouse motivate inspire textile textile industry geology geologist geological ingrain . grace gravity antigravity hardship plight predicament infect infection irrigation jam block hinder hamper hurdle obstacle traffic jam lever layer eve metropolitan mild mildly . gentle moderate organic organize disorganized organism organization organizational phase pole the South Pole prejudice prejudice against sensation sensational sensible undertake suspicious suspicion suspiciously susceptible skeptical . questionable triumph fiasco vain abuse substance abuse abuse one's authority acquaint acquaintance be acquainted with agent agency burst burst into break into outbreak compensation compensate for coordinate cooperate coordinated discern . distinguish dull dullness tedious blunt UNIT 29
eyebrow harbor Pearl Harbor shelter shield molecule offspring posterity heir descendant orbit orbital portion ratio protein proportion resent . resentment repent of sake forsake for the sake of shrinkage sketch petrol patrol superficial shallow therapy therapist music therapy affiliation be affiliated /attached to agitated irritate annoy alphabet alphabetically vocabulary . amend amendment bold approximate approximately more or less approach arbitrary bureaucracy bureaucrat brake circulation catholic dreadful fearful nasty appalling scary contradictory self-contradictory paradoxical digest . digestive drought famine earnest earnestness in earnest scrupulous diligent flavor aroma atmosphere frontier confront UNIT 30
fume inflame hospitality be hostile to hostility hemisphere incompetent competently incompetently . competent incompetent to do sth. hydrogen ingredient factor element component inject injection inject into inset install lest junction disjunction conjunction connection joint lung at the top of one's lungs microscope mold . remold mold sb /sth. into sb/sth. nerve nervous nonsense pioneer forerunner predecessor practitioner refreshment refreshing respectively individually slogan motto proverb stumble stumble across stumble upon tumble symposium vigorous . vigorously robust virus abreast breadth abreast of keep abreast of bellyful weary exhausted divorce casualty incapable capacity cape escape scapegoat assault assault on sb bearing have some bearing on transferable . comedy tragedy zigzag relieve relief alleviate palliate humble stereotype Bible impinge arbiter adornment dweller endorse intrusion halo differentiate lenient leniency rule out nostalgia . rustle dwarf blunder rut anthropologist mundane infuriating no to mention doing sth dormant ecosystem renaissance ancestral bribery plump panorama errand steward slum tricky misinterpretation demolition alarmist . upheaval aggregation maladapted feudalism credible toddler medieval farcical personnel
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