英语论文精修:科技英语翻译中应注意的问题
Abstract:In order to translate scientific and technological English correctly, first let’s understand scientific and technological English well. There are many long sentences and many sentences in passive voice in scientific articles. This is what should be notice when we do translation. The article aims to show several Characteristics of scientific and technological Translation.
Key words:scientific and technological English; Translation; Characteristics
[摘 要] 准确无误的翻译科技英语首要是了解科技英语语法。科技文章中句子长,被动语态多,代写博士论文这是科技英语翻译中应注意的问题。探讨了科技英语翻译的典型的特点十分重要。
[关键词] 科技英语; 翻译; 特点
一、长句子
科技英语的句子较长,修饰成分较多,一句话里往往是一个从句(或短语)套一从句(或短语)。例如:I www.51lunwen.com l is quite obvious that the organization of such a computer becomes rather complex, since one must insure that a mix up does not occur among all the various problems and that the correct information is available for the computer when it is called for , but if not the computation will wait until it is available.
译文:十分明显,这样一台计算机的结构变得相当复杂,因为必须保证它在处理各种各样的课题时都不产生混淆,而计算机年需的信息可随要随有,如果一时没有,就要等到有了才进行计算。
由此可见翻译长句时,常常遇到困难就是句子长,关系复杂,头绪纷繁。要翻译好长句,首先要弄清句子中各部分之间的语法关系,时间先后和逻辑次序,然后按照汉语的习惯把长句译成短句。从翻译技巧方面讲,英语的翻译通常有: (一)将长句化为短句译法
例如:A. The present’packing density’of 2.5 million bits of information per square inch can be increased in the future .
(直译)现在的每平方英寸2 500 000数位的信息“储密度”可能在将来增加。改译为现在信息“存储密度”已达每平方英寸2 500 000数位,将来还可能增加。(名词短语译为主谓结构) B. The margin between the temperature at which it begins to glow sufficiently and that at which it melts is very narrow .
[直译]铂开始发出足够的光亮的温度和它熔化的温度之间的差额很小。
[压缩译为]铂的发光温度和熔点相差无几。
(二)顺译法
例如:This simple fact shows that more of the force of friction is got rid of , the farther will the ball trevel , and we are led to infer that , if all the impeding forces of gravitation and resistance could be removed , there is no reason why the ball, once in motion , should ever , stop.
这一简单事实表明:摩擦力越小,球会滚得越远。由此可以推论出,如果一切起阻碍作用的重力和阻力能被克服,就没有理由认为球一旦处于运动状态之后会再停下来。
(三)逆译法
例如表示条件.时间.让步等意义的从句位于主句之后时,要把从句提到主句之前来翻译,如果定语从句采用合译,也要放在被修饰词的前面译。 例
如
:One
of
the
most
exciting
developments
in
modern
tihttp://www.51lunwen.com/translation/2012/0204/lw201202041857364958.htmlmes has been the birth of field of biophysics, which is concerned with the application of the law governing atoms and molecules to the large molecules found in living organisms.
生物物理学是把有关原子和分子的规律用来研究生命有机体大分子的一门科学,它的诞生,是当代最激动人心的成就之一。
(四)分译法
例如:Manufacturing processes may be classified as unit production with small quantities being made and mass production with large numbers of identical parts being produced .
制造过程可分为单件生产和批量生产。单件生产系指生产少量的产品,而批量生产系指生产大量相同的产品。
二、被动语态用得多
英语专业技术文章,往往着眼于逻辑推理的过程和演绎论证的结果,而不在于某一动作是谁发出的,这就使得被动语态在科技英语中得到大量使用。
例如:They must solve these problems before a chain reaction starts . 在连锁反应开始之前他们必须解决这些问题。
These problems must be solved before a chain reaction starts.
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